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The C&D plan recommended that H&C detail its plans to the
satisfaction of the city to provide the services that are reasonably
anticipated to be required to fulfill their exclusive franchise for C&D.
To this end, the city required H&C to:
- Submit a C&D operations plan to the city.
- Report monthly to the city a summary of how many tons of material
overall is being diverted through the C&D program. H&C should report
to the city monthly for the first year and quarterly thereafter, in a
format approved by the city, on the amount of materials collected,
disposed, and diverted, the facilities to which those materials were
taken, and types of materials which were recycled.
- H&C must make available for review backup data at H&C that can be
inspected by a city or CIWMB representative in order to verify the
data included in the H&C monthly and quarterly reports. The backup
data was recommended to be consolidated in a form that is designated
by the city and that allows the city representatives to easily verify,
on a monthly basis, the aggregate data in the H&C reports to the city.
- Develop, print, and distribute promotional flyers in the city at
all points of public contact, and pay for advertisements in the local
newspaper regarding the types of C&D recycling services that H&C
offers.
- Reuse, recycle, or compost all C&D materials to the maximum extent
possible. No greater than 10 percent of C&D materials collected under
the exclusive franchise should be taken directly to a landfill by H&C,
or by an intermediary, for disposal or use as alternative daily cover
in a landfill. Instead, to the fullest extent possible, all C&D
materials collected under the exclusive franchise should be processed
to recover all reusable, recyclable and compostable materials. In no
event should less than 90 percent of C&D materials be taken to a
facility for preprocessing for reuse, recycling, or composting.
Processing residue may be used as ADC, and as a last resort,
landfilled.
- Set a goal of achieving a 50 percent diversion for all C&D
materials for calendar year 2000. After the first six months begin
reviewing data. By the end of calendar year 2000, set goals for
calendar year 2001 and beyond based on the first year’s experience and
data on diversion rates, cost markets, and operational issues.
- H&C should require all reuse, recycling, and composting facilities
they use to provide H&C with weight tickets. The facilities should
maintain auditable records (weight tickets) of all C&D materials
received and recycled from H&C and provide H&C with overall facility
diversion reports quarterly. H&C should also require all transfer and
disposal facilities they use for C&D materials to maintain weight
slips documenting disposal and recycling.
- Pay the city franchise and billing fees only for C&D materials
collected under their exclusive franchise that are landfilled (from
residue at reuse, recycling, or composting facilities). Any C&D
materials H&C collects on a source-separated basis for recycling
without a fee for service that are not considered part of the
exclusive franchise should be exempt from charges and payments of such
city franchise and billing fees. Any C&D materials that H&C collects
for recycling with a fee for service should be exempt from charges and
payments required by the city billing fees as an additional incentive
to recycle those materials.
The C&D plan further recommended that the city should conduct an
annual survey of C&D rates in the region for independent and franchised
haulers for all the major categories of services charged by H&C. The
City should not allow H&C to charge C&D collection rates above the
average found in that survey for non-franchised independent haulers and
recyclers. The city could make an exception if additional financial
justification provided by H&C warrants.
- Separation and Consolidation of Materials at Public Works Yard.
The public works yard can be used for placement of bins for
source-separated material generated by city employees and some city
contract activities (for example, street sweepings, green waste,
concrete, asphalt) to be consolidated for subsequent removal and
delivery to recycling facilities.
- Continue and Expand Recycling Requirements in Public Works
Contracts. Add formal reporting requirements so that the city can
quantify diversion. As highlighted in the C&D resolution, include a
recycling specification in city public works contract documents that
require contractors to reuse, recycle, and/or compost C&D materials.
The contract should also require reports on the amount diverted as a
condition of approval of contractor progress payments.
- Reporting As a Condition of Building Permits. Private contractors
of projects over 10,000 square feet should report the quantities of
construction and demolition materials diverted and disposed under the
work of the project. Reporting would be a condition of obtaining a
building or demolition permit and a $250 deposit would be required
with the permit fees (refundable when the contractor submits C&D
reports). C&D reports would be required to have been submitted before
a project could obtain a certificate of occupancy from the city.
- EIR Requirements. Expansion of existing mitigation measures in
environmental impact reports for major developments should consider
including clear, quantifiable requirements for diversion of a broad
range of materials with set diversion goals. These should be in
addition to the reporting requirements in the C&D resolution. A waste
management and recycling plan that includes detailed goals for
maximizing diversion of C&D debris should be required for major
projects. The planning and redevelopment department should ensure the
measurement and enforcement of such recycling plans. The city should
develop a written policy for the oversight of this solid waste
mitigation measure.
- Recycled-Content Building Products. The city should create demand
for recycled-content materials through direct city purchases and
contract requirements and document the results of these actions. A
range of recycled-content products is available on the market that can
be included in specifications for city buildings and private
developments. There are many products that are fully tested, that meet
building codes, that are available locally, and that are
cost-competitive. Starting from the ground up, they include materials
such as recycled road base, rubber-modified asphalt pavement, recycled
plastic site furnishings, carpeting, wallboard, insulation, paint, and
ceiling tiles.
The City of Hawthorne obtained a list of materials, specifications,
and samples of products that can be included in local projects so the
city can be its own best customer. In addition, the city obtained a list
of publications on recycled-content construction products available
throughout the United States and locally; private developers and
contractors can obtain that. City staff makes those publications
available for public review at the counters in the planning and
community development and building and safety departments.
As with any recycling program, key to the program’s success is the
understanding and cooperation of all involved in generating the wastes.
The C&D plan recommended that a wide variety of education, training, and
technical assistance tools be used to communicate the goals of the plan.
It also highlights ways everyone can benefit by more carefully exploring
their reuse, recycling, and composting options. Tools include, but are
not be limited to, the following:
- The city can issue news releases and notices to the public and C&D
contractors and developers to highlight the adoption of the C&D plan
and C&D resolution.
- The city manager can issue a memorandum and guidelines to city
staff outlining recommendations of the C&D plan and requirements of
the C&D resolution.
- Building/safety and planning and community development departments
can provide C&D recycling information and brochures about the city’s
policies and programs and other resources to C&D contractors and
project planners. This information will assist them in finding reuse,
recycling, and composting businesses. City staff can include the City
of Hawthorne Construction and Demolition Debris Recycling Directory, a
bibliography of resources, C&D recycled product guides, product
samples, the State Green Building Guide (and similar documents), and
model specifications at all city public counters and the library.
- The city can organize internal training for code enforcement
inspectors about the C&D plan and resolution and about how to help
contractors handle materials correctly.
- City inspectors and public information counter staff could attend
quarterly training seminars regarding C&D during the first year to get
them up to speed with what other communities and haulers are doing and
to connect with the network of public officials who are working on
similar issues.
The city budgeted a total of $50,290 for administration and program
development for C&D, tires, and wood waste programs. The city estimated
that the costs that will be required to implement the recommendations of
the C&D plan will fall within that budgeted amount. A timeline with key
milestones to implement the C&D plan was attached.
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