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infoCycling infoCycling, Summer 2006 |
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In this issue:
Multifamily recycling workshops slated for September 2006In recognition that multifamily recycling programs are important for California’s continued success in waste reduction and recycling activities, the California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) will be hosting two workshops targeting recycling coordinators and other local officials who want to achieve greater success with recycling programs in apartments and condominiums. The workshops will offer data from recent pilot programs targeting
apartments and condominiums, as well as successful ideas and tools to meet
multifamily housing recycling challenges, increase quantity and quality of
recyclables collected, and improve city and county diversion rates.
Pre-workshop registration is not required but is appreciated. Day-of-workshop registration begins at 9:30 a.m. The workshops begin at 10:00 a.m. and should end around 1:00 p.m. If you have questions about the multifamily workshops or wish to RSVP, please contact Steve Uselton. Construction and Demolition ForumSince the May 31, 2006, Construction and Demolition (C&D) Forum: Closing the Loop on C&D Materials, the CIWMB has been following up on additional C&D resources. The CIWMB has posted resources from the forum and additional resources on the Local Government Central website. Detailed characterization of construction and demolition wasteThe California Integrated Waste Management Board recently completed its 2005 Targeted Statewide Waste Characterization Study. This complex undertaking consisted of conducting detailed characterization and quantification of the following four distinct disposed waste streams:
In this edition of infoCycling, the C&D portion of the 2005 study is featured. Future editions of infoCycling will contain articles regarding the other parts of the study. Where and when was the C&D portion of the study conducted?The study was conducted in the four major metropolitan areas of the state:
These four areas are responsible for more than 70 percent of all the waste disposed in the state. Sampling of the waste stream was conducted during both winter and summer in order to account for seasonal effects. What were the objectives of the C&D portion of the study?The objectives of the C&D portion were to characterize the disposed waste from seven different C&D activities and to estimate the amounts disposed from each source in the four metropolitan areas. The C&D activities were identified as:
The “other” category consists of such activities as road building and bridge reconstruction. In all, 622 randomly selected C&D loads were subjected to visual characterization. (See below for a picture of a sample of C&D waste.)
What were the results?An estimated 3.1 million tons of C&D waste were disposed in California’s four metropolitan areas in 2004. Most of the disposed waste came from demolition (21 percent), residential remodel (19 percent), and other C&D activities (17 percent). Approximately 75 percent of the disposed overall C&D waste stream is potentially recoverable. The most prevalent potentially recoverable materials are composition roofing; large asphalt pavement; dirt and sand; other aggregates, which includes brick, masonry tile, and porcelain sinks; and clean dimensional lumber. (See the table below.) Top Ten Disposed Materials: Overall C&D in Four Metropolitan Areas of California, 2005
The figures, when added together, may not exactly match the totals shown, due to rounding. In addition to the overall C&D disposed waste stream, composition data were compiled for each of the seven C&D activities, as well as overall C&D composition for each of the four metropolitan areas. The complete results of the study, as well as an explanation of the methodology used, can be found in the final report. A link to that report is provided at the end of this article. What additional tool was created along with the study?As part of the C&D task, the CIWMB developed a visual characterization method. Staff from local jurisdictions can easily use this “Visual Protocol” to evaluate their own C&D disposed waste streams. Several staff from local jurisdictions in the study areas assisted in the development of the method by field-testing it and providing suggestions for improvement. The Visual Protocol consists of a booklet that offers a step-by-step guide to conducting visual waste characterization of C&D loads and a calculation tool. The guide includes lists of required equipment and safety gear, sample forms for tracking loads and recording data, a list of material definitions, and a training aid to help jurisdiction staff learn how to estimate the amounts of each of the different material types within a given C&D load. The guide is currently undergoing final evaluation and will be posted on the CIWMB’s Solid Waste Characterization website when completed. The calculation tool can be used to enter all the sample data collected in the field. The evaluator then simply selects one button and receives a statistical estimate of the material composition of their C&D waste stream. Who do I contact for more information?For more information on the 2005 Targeted Statewide Waste Characterization Study: Detailed Characterization of Construction and Demolition, contact Nancy Carr; or, contact Tom Rudy. The study is available in the CIWMB Publications Catalog. Local Government Central website search—resources and tools at your fingertipsThe Local Government Central (LG Central) website is an informative, user-friendly site designed to assist jurisdictions, State agencies, and large State facilities in meeting diversion requirements. An alphabetical index, a local government (LG) search tool, and a site map are available to assist jurisdictions, State agencies, large State facilities, and others in locating a multitude of resources and tools on the LG Central website and elsewhere. These three resources and tools are convenient and provide ease in searching for what you need. Alphabetical IndexThis useful index provides easy access to the major topics of interest within the LG Central website and elsewhere. At the top of this helpful web page, you will find A to Z links that bring you to the topic area of your choice located on the page. Simply select the letter of your choice, and then select the topic of your choice. For example, if you want disposal reporting information, select D. Then, select from the various topics on disposal reporting located under D. Databases are marked by a double asterisk (**). LG Central SearchThis handy search tool allows you to search for a wide array of topics in LG Central and the entire CIWMB website. From this web page, under “Search for pages containing this word or pattern,” type in the word or topic, select either “Search Local Government Central” or “Search Entire CIWMB site,” then select “Search.” Or, under “I would like to,” select the drop-down box by clicking on the down-pointing arrow and select one of the many topics available. For example, you can select “View ‘infoCycling,’ the Board’s local government newsletter.” Also available on this web page are search tips and advanced searching links. Site MapThis helpful map enables you to easily navigate through the web pages by
listing the topics and tools within the LG Central website and elsewhere.
Along the top of the web page, the following topics are listed: “Waste
Stream, Reporting, Program, Summaries, Resources, and Databases.” Contact informationIf you have questions about these resources and tools, contact Larry Stephens. Local Government Assistance LibraryHave you visited the Local Government (LG) Assistance Library website lately? Jurisdictions, State agencies, large State facilities, and others can link to CIWMB-developed assistance documents and examples of materials that have been submitted to the California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) by local jurisdictions. The following topics are listed on the web page. These topics directly link to CIWMB web pages. Basics includes a series of fact sheets to help local government officials and others understand and fulfill their diversion responsibilities. Board Guidance Documents provides guidance and information for jurisdictions to meet IWMA requirements. These guidance documents are produced by the CIWMB, jurisdictions, and others. infoCycling provides time- and cost-reducing tools and information that can assist local governments, State agencies, and large State facilities in evaluating their current diversion performance. Local Government Data Tools provides databases, tools, and information to assist local governments and businesses in reducing disposal and conserving resources. Model Documents offers models and templates to assist jurisdictions when reporting to the CIWMB and quantifying their diversion efforts. Local Jurisdiction Case Studies provides a list of successful diversion programs that have been developed by the CIWMB or implemented by California jurisdictions. Local Jurisdiction Waste Diversion and Recycling Outreach Materials showcases some jurisdiction diversion and recycling outreach materials. Local Jurisdiction Sample Documents includes materials submitted to the CIWMB by local jurisdictions, such as regional agency agreements, joint powers agreements, memoranda of understanding, solid waste ordinances, public education materials, and petitions for reduction in diversion mandates. Local and Regional Summaries and Statistics Center provides jurisdiction and regional summary information to help decision makers identify trends, solve problems, and compare the performance of cities, counties, and regional agencies in reducing and diverting waste. Need Help? provides the user with tools to search the website, define terms, look up publications, and ask questions about waste issues. If you have questions regarding this website, contact Larry Stephens. Accessing disposal data recordsJurisdictions—Do you have unanswered questions regarding your city, county, or regional agency’s allocated disposal amounts? Have you been unable to get access to the information you need from disposal facilities or haulers? Did you know regulations state that you have the right to access the disposal data records that pertain to your jurisdiction? In fact, hauling companies and permitted solid waste facilities must maintain disposal data records for at least three years and must allow affected jurisdictions access to those records. For more information, see Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations (14 CCR): Chapter 9, Article 9.2, section 18808.4 for haulers, section 18809.4 for transfer stations, and section 18810.4 for landfills in the regulations. Although most haulers and facility operators are cooperative about sharing requested data, sometimes this is not the case. What do you do when a hauler or operator is not cooperative in providing timely access to information? The California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) developed a sample form letter that jurisdictions may tailor as needed to set up an audit of the records of haulers or operators. The letter provides the recipient (hauler or operator) with a specific request for information. The regulations require haulers and operators to respond to this type of written request for information in a specified time frame. The letter is available on the CIWMB Local Government Central Disposal Reporting System website. For more information regarding the audit letter, see Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations (14 CCR): Chapter 9, Article 9.2, section 18813.4. In addition, if you have any questions regarding the audit letter, contact Diane Shimizu. New on Local Government Central—Claiming Disaster Debris Disposal Deductions BasicCheck out the new Claiming Disaster Debris Disposal Deductions Basic on the California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) Local Government Central website. This Basic includes:
For more information on claiming disaster debris disposal deductions, contact your CIWMB Local assistance staff representative. A list of representatives is available on the Local Assistance Contacts web page. Geographic information system technologyCheck out the article in the May 2006 Waste Age Magazine titled “A Whole New World.” This article discusses uses for geographic information system (GIS) technology. Biodiesel fuelWhat is biodiesel fuel?According to the fact sheet “BioDiesel: Commonly Asked Questions,” located on the National Biodiesel Board (NBB) website, biodiesel fuel is a clean-burning alternative fuel produced from domestic renewable resources. Biodiesel contains no petroleum, but it can be blended at any level with
petroleum diesel to create a biodiesel blend. It can be used in
compression-ignition (diesel) engines with no major modifications. Biodiesel
is simple to use, biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free of sulfur
and aromatics. City of Port Hueneme—biodiesel fuel productionIn 2003, The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with a biodiesel company in Santa Barbara, California. The purpose of this agreement was to demonstrate the feasibility of producing biodiesel at a Naval facility using waste vegetable oil from the Navy and the surrounding community. Initial phase In the initial phase of the agreement, the biodiesel company installed a 140-gallon-per-day pilot-scale batch biodiesel reactor at the Port Hueneme site and initiated the collection of used vegetable oil from six food service facilities on the base. In parallel, NFESC developed the capabilities to perform the laboratory testing required to confirm that the biodiesel produced meets the industrial specification, ASTM D6751. NFESC has also initiated a kinetic study of the biodiesel production chemical reaction in the laboratory. The goal of this chemical reaction study is to identify the optimal reactant concentrations that result in the complete conversion of the vegetable oil in the shortest time possible. Based on the current industry practice, it is expected that a 30 percent reduction in the biodiesel manufacturing time is possible. As NFESC gains a better understanding of the conversion reaction, the pilot plant will be used to test various chemical reaction improvement ideas. Second phase In the second phase of the agreement, the biodiesel company will be replacing the pilot-scale production plant with a portable full-scale commercial unit capable of producing 3 million gallons per year if operated 24 hours per day, 5 days per week. During this phase, the biodiesel company will initiate vegetable oil collection in the surrounding community. As specified in the CRADA, annual production will be limited to 1 million gallons. NFESC expects that some of this fuel will be used to supply the 200,000-gallon annual use of B20 (specifically, 20 percent biodiesel) on the base. Also in this phase, the partners will further refine the chemical conversion reaction using the results from the laboratory and pilot-plant studies. This commercial-sized plant, which is expected to become operational in the near future, will serve as a showcase for possible future implementations at additional military facilities as well as a test bed for future chemical, hardware, and process improvements jointly developed by the CRADA partners. In the long term, NFESC expects that biodiesel production plants may be sited at 15 or more military facilities around the world. This will result in a significant improvement in the security of the military fuel supply as well as stabilization in fuel costs. Eventually, the military could send portable biodiesel processing units overseas to produce its own fuel while on missions abroad. Contact information To obtain additional information on these biodiesel fuel production efforts, contact Bruce Holden, P.E., Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, at (805) 982-6050 or e-mail Bruce Holden. Ventura—biodiesel marine fueling stationA marine fueling station at Ventura Harbor in Ventura has been dispensing biodiesel fuel to boaters since the fueling station’s inception in 2002. The fueling station makes biodiesel fuel available to boaters in Southern California because of its natural fit with the marine environment. A plus for the environment and boaters is the fact that if biodiesel fuel accidentally spills in the ocean water, the biodiesel fuel degrades much faster than regular diesel fuel. Clearly, our waterways are being better protected through the use of biodiesel fuel. According to the “Easier on Marine Environment” article on the NBB website, biodiesel is biodegradable—C16-18 methyl esters are considered biodegradable based on their chemical nature and test data collected for experimentally determined oxygen demand and carbon dioxide production as a percent of calculated theoretical values. C16-18 methyl esters do not show any microbiological inhibition up to 10,000 mg/L. In tests performed by the University of Idaho, biodiesel in an aqueous solution after 28 days was 95 percent degraded. Diesel fuel was only 40 percent degraded. In a second study done in an aquatic environment (CO2 Evolution), various biodiesel products were 85.5–88.5 percent degraded in 28 days, which is the same rate as sugar (dextrose). Diesel degradation was 26.24 percent. For more information, see the NBB Easier on Marine Environment web page mentioned above. Another big advantage to boaters is the virtual elimination of diesel exhaust odors. These are replaced by biodiesel odors, which have a smell similar to french fry oil. A company that specializes in transporting visitors to the Channel Islands commented that even when their 150-passenger vessel was inside the Painted Cave on Santa Cruz Island, the diesel odor was eliminated when using a 20 percent mix of biodiesel fuel with 80 percent regular diesel. The U.S. park service at the harbor has four boats (also known as vessels) that are committed to using between 10 to 100 percent biodiesel fuel each time they fuel up. The vessels range from 60– to 100–foot service boats that run supplies to their rangers on the Channel Islands. The park service’s dedication to using biodiesel fuel has been the catalyst in making this environmentally friendly product available to public boaters as well. Other than the park service and concessionaires, sailboats are the next biggest biodiesel fuel user at the harbor. In the close quarters of these usually smaller vessels, the relief from the diesel odor seems to be the most favored attribute. The harbor has realized a 50 percent increase in biodiesel sales for each of the last three years. Needless to say, Ventura and the harbor are quite excited about the environmental benefits and the viability of this alternative fuel. Contact information For more information on Ventura’s biodiesel fueling station at Ventura Harbor, contact Paul Kavon at (805) 644-4046 or e-mail Paul Kavon. Where do I get biodiesel fuel?According to NBB Biodiesel Basics, biodiesel is available nationwide. It can be purchased directly from biodiesel producers and marketers, petroleum distributors, or at a handful of public pumps throughout the nation. See Buying Biodiesel—Guide to Buying Biodiesel for more information. City of Lincoln—construction site cleanup at Del Webb Sun CityA contractor was hired to perform cleanup services at the Del Webb Sun City construction site in Lincoln, where approximately 6,500 homes were built during a three-year period. The contractor managed the construction debris for hauling. In fact, they became a franchise hauler for the City of Lincoln for this project, receiving a full franchise agreement. The contractor set up an on-site material recovery facility (MRF) to sort
the waste material. (See the photo below.) The contractor also provided 250
debris boxes throughout the Del Webb development to collect and haul waste
to the MRF.
Contact informationFor more information regarding this project, contact Adam Barrows at (916) 638-6775 or e-mail Adam Barrows. Or, contact John Pedri, City of Lincoln Public Works Department at (916) 645-8576. Photos on this page appear courtesy of Roderick Palon. Editor’s noteI hope you enjoyed this edition of infoCycling. Look for the next edition of infoCycling in the fall of 2006. Please contact me with suggestions on articles you would like to see included in infoCycling and announcements of events in your jurisdiction or at your State agency. You can e-mail me at or reach me at (916) 341-6240. Your comments and suggestions on infoCycling are always welcome! Tracy |
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Last updated: December 28, 2007 Local Government Central http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/LGCentral/ Larry N. Stephens: lstephen@ciwmb.ca.gov (916) 341-6241 |
